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弗朗茨·博厄斯
现代人类学之父,文化相对论提出者
弗朗茨·博厄斯是美国人类学家,被誉为现代人类学之父。他提出了文化相对论的概念,强调文化多样性,反对种族主义,对人类学的发展产生了深远影响。
Civilization is not something absolute, but... is relative, and... our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes.
文明不是绝对的,而是相对的……我们的思想和观念只有在我们的文明范围内才是真实的。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The history of mankind proves that advances of culture depend upon the opportunities presented to a social group to learn from the experience of their neighbors.
人类历史证明,文化的进步取决于社会群体有机会从邻居的经验中学习。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The difference in mental capacity between primitive and civilized man is much less than the difference in their cultures.
原始人与文明人在心智能力上的差异远小于他们在文化上的差异。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
Cultural anthropology is valuable because it broadens the horizon, it opens the mind, and it deepens the understanding of human nature.
文化人类学之所以有价值,是因为它拓宽了视野,开阔了思维,并加深了对人性的理解。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The behavior of an individual is determined not by his racial affiliation but by the character of his ancestry and his cultural environment.
一个人的行为不是由他的种族归属决定的,而是由他的祖先特征和文化环境决定的。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
If we were to select the most intelligent, imaginative, energetic, and emotionally stable third of mankind, all races would be represented.
如果我们挑选出人类中最聪明、最有想象力、最精力充沛且情绪最稳定的三分之一,所有种族都会在其中有所体现。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The difference in mental capacity between primitive and civilized man is not as great as is commonly supposed.
原始人与文明人在心智能力上的差异并不像通常认为的那样大。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The general theory of valuation of human activities, as developed by the study of anthropology, teaches us a higher tolerance than the one we now possess.
通过人类学研究发展出的人类活动评价的一般理论,教会我们一种比我们现在所拥有的更高的宽容。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The historical development of mankind has been such that the most diverse races have contributed to the civilization we now possess.
人类的历史发展表明,最多样化的种族对我们现在所拥有的文明做出了贡献。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The behavior of an individual is determined not by his racial affiliation, but by the character of his ancestry and his cultural environment.
个体的行为不是由其种族归属决定的,而是由其祖先的特征和文化环境决定的。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
If we were to select the most intelligent, imaginative, energetic, and emotionally stable third of mankind, all races would be present.
如果我们挑选出人类中最聪明、最具想象力、最精力充沛且情绪最稳定的三分之一,所有种族都会包含其中。
弗朗茨·博厄斯
The differences between the cultures of different peoples are not due to differences in the physical characteristics of the peoples themselves, but to differences in their historical development.
不同民族之间的文化差异并非源于民族本身的生理特征差异,而是源于其历史发展的差异。
弗朗茨·博厄斯