The concept of legal obligation is central to the understanding of law.
法律义务的概念对于理解法律至关重要。
The minimum content of natural law is necessary for the survival of any society.
自然法的最低内容对于任何社会的生存都是必要的。
Legal positivism emphasizes the separation of law and morality.
法律实证主义强调法律与道德的分离。
The rule of recognition is the ultimate rule in a legal system, which identifies the criteria for valid law.
承认规则是法律体系中的终极规则，它确定了有效法律的标准。
Law must be understood as a social phenomenon, not merely as a set of abstract norms.
法律必须被理解为一种社会现象，而不仅仅是一套抽象规范。
The internal point of view is crucial for understanding the nature of law.
内部观点对于理解法律的本质至关重要。
Legal rules are not merely commands backed by threats; they are also rules that confer powers and create obligations.
法律规则不仅仅是威胁支持的命令；它们也是赋予权力和创造义务的规则。
The existence of a legal system is a matter of social fact.
法律体系的存在是一个社会事实。
Law is a system of rules, a union of primary rules of obligation and secondary rules of recognition, change, and adjudication.
法律是一个规则系统，是义务的主要规则与承认、变更和裁决的次要规则的结合。
The concept of law involves the union of primary and secondary rules.
法律的概念涉及主要规则和次要规则的结合。